Estandariza las variables de un dataframe mediante el centrado y el escalado. Para cada valor de una variable, simplemente restamos el valor medio de la variable, luego dividimos por la desviacion estandar de la variable. Esto significa que vamos a escalar los valores de manera que la variable tenga una media de 0 y una desviaion estandar de 1. Esto es util cuando las variables explicativas tienen diferentes escalas, y a menudo no contribuyen por igual al modelo. Por ejemplo, si los valores de una variable oscilan entre 0 y 10000 y los valores de otra variable oscilan entre 0 y 10, la variable con el intervalo mas grande recibira un mayor peso en el analisis. Al estandarizar las variables, podemos estar seguros de que cada variable contribuye por igual al an?lisis. Este procedimiento no representa una transformacion de los datos, y no cambia la magnitud del efecto ni la significancia de la variable en el modelo. Ver la funcion "stdize" de MuMIn package para mas detalles.
Examples
data(iris)
#Si no se especifica que variables excluir, se escalan todas las variables numericas del dataframe.
escalar_datos(iris)
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> 1 -0.89767388 1.01560199 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 2 -1.13920048 -0.13153881 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 3 -1.38072709 0.32731751 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 4 -1.50149039 0.09788935 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 5 -1.01843718 1.24503015 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 6 -0.53538397 1.93331463 -1.16580868 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 7 -1.50149039 0.78617383 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 8 -1.01843718 0.78617383 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 9 -1.74301699 -0.36096697 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 10 -1.13920048 0.09788935 -1.27910398 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 11 -0.53538397 1.47445831 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 12 -1.25996379 0.78617383 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 13 -1.25996379 -0.13153881 -1.33575163 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 14 -1.86378030 -0.13153881 -1.50569459 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 15 -0.05233076 2.16274279 -1.44904694 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 16 -0.17309407 3.08045544 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 17 -0.53538397 1.93331463 -1.39239929 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 18 -0.89767388 1.01560199 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 19 -0.17309407 1.70388647 -1.16580868 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 20 -0.89767388 1.70388647 -1.27910398 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 21 -0.53538397 0.78617383 -1.16580868 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 22 -0.89767388 1.47445831 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 23 -1.50149039 1.24503015 -1.56234224 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 24 -0.89767388 0.55674567 -1.16580868 -0.9174741184 setosa
#> 25 -1.25996379 0.78617383 -1.05251337 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 26 -1.01843718 -0.13153881 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 27 -1.01843718 0.78617383 -1.22245633 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 28 -0.77691058 1.01560199 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 29 -0.77691058 0.78617383 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 30 -1.38072709 0.32731751 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 31 -1.25996379 0.09788935 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 32 -0.53538397 0.78617383 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 33 -0.77691058 2.39217095 -1.27910398 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 34 -0.41462067 2.62159911 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 35 -1.13920048 0.09788935 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 36 -1.01843718 0.32731751 -1.44904694 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 37 -0.41462067 1.01560199 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 38 -1.13920048 1.24503015 -1.33575163 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 39 -1.74301699 -0.13153881 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 40 -0.89767388 0.78617383 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 41 -1.01843718 1.01560199 -1.39239929 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 42 -1.62225369 -1.73753594 -1.39239929 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 43 -1.74301699 0.32731751 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 44 -1.01843718 1.01560199 -1.22245633 -0.7862814418 setosa
#> 45 -0.89767388 1.70388647 -1.05251337 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 46 -1.25996379 -0.13153881 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 47 -0.89767388 1.70388647 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 48 -1.50149039 0.32731751 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 49 -0.65614727 1.47445831 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 50 -1.01843718 0.55674567 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 51 1.39682886 0.32731751 0.53362088 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 52 0.67224905 0.32731751 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 53 1.27606556 0.09788935 0.64691619 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 54 -0.41462067 -1.73753594 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 55 0.79301235 -0.59039513 0.47697323 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 56 -0.17309407 -0.59039513 0.42032558 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 57 0.55148575 0.55674567 0.53362088 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 58 -1.13920048 -1.50810778 -0.25944625 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 59 0.91377565 -0.36096697 0.47697323 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 60 -0.77691058 -0.81982329 0.08043967 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 61 -1.01843718 -2.42582042 -0.14615094 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 62 0.06843254 -0.13153881 0.25038262 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 63 0.18919584 -1.96696410 0.13708732 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 64 0.30995914 -0.36096697 0.53362088 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 65 -0.29385737 -0.36096697 -0.08950329 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 66 1.03453895 0.09788935 0.36367793 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 67 -0.29385737 -0.13153881 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 68 -0.05233076 -0.81982329 0.19373497 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 69 0.43072244 -1.96696410 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 70 -0.29385737 -1.27867961 0.08043967 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 71 0.06843254 0.32731751 0.59026853 0.7880306775 versicolor
#> 72 0.30995914 -0.59039513 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 73 0.55148575 -1.27867961 0.64691619 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 74 0.30995914 -0.59039513 0.53362088 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 75 0.67224905 -0.36096697 0.30703027 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 76 0.91377565 -0.13153881 0.36367793 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 77 1.15530226 -0.59039513 0.59026853 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 78 1.03453895 -0.13153881 0.70356384 0.6568380009 versicolor
#> 79 0.18919584 -0.36096697 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 80 -0.17309407 -1.04925145 -0.14615094 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 81 -0.41462067 -1.50810778 0.02379201 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 82 -0.41462067 -1.50810778 -0.03285564 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 83 -0.05233076 -0.81982329 0.08043967 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 84 0.18919584 -0.81982329 0.76021149 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 85 -0.53538397 -0.13153881 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 86 0.18919584 0.78617383 0.42032558 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 87 1.03453895 0.09788935 0.53362088 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 88 0.55148575 -1.73753594 0.36367793 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 89 -0.29385737 -0.13153881 0.19373497 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 90 -0.41462067 -1.27867961 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 91 -0.41462067 -1.04925145 0.36367793 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 92 0.30995914 -0.13153881 0.47697323 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 93 -0.05233076 -1.04925145 0.13708732 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 94 -1.01843718 -1.73753594 -0.25944625 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 95 -0.29385737 -0.81982329 0.25038262 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 96 -0.17309407 -0.13153881 0.25038262 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 97 -0.17309407 -0.36096697 0.25038262 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 98 0.43072244 -0.36096697 0.30703027 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 99 -0.89767388 -1.27867961 -0.42938920 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 100 -0.17309407 -0.59039513 0.19373497 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 101 0.55148575 0.55674567 1.27004036 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 102 -0.05233076 -0.81982329 0.76021149 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 103 1.51759216 -0.13153881 1.21339271 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 104 0.55148575 -0.36096697 1.04344975 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 105 0.79301235 -0.13153881 1.15674505 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 106 2.12140867 -0.13153881 1.60992627 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 107 -1.13920048 -1.27867961 0.42032558 0.6568380009 virginica
#> 108 1.75911877 -0.36096697 1.43998331 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 109 1.03453895 -1.27867961 1.15674505 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 110 1.63835547 1.24503015 1.32668801 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 111 0.79301235 0.32731751 0.76021149 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 112 0.67224905 -0.81982329 0.87350679 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 113 1.15530226 -0.13153881 0.98680210 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 114 -0.17309407 -1.27867961 0.70356384 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 115 -0.05233076 -0.59039513 0.76021149 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 116 0.67224905 0.32731751 0.87350679 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 117 0.79301235 -0.13153881 0.98680210 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 118 2.24217198 1.70388647 1.66657392 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 119 2.24217198 -1.04925145 1.77986923 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 120 0.18919584 -1.96696410 0.70356384 0.3944526477 virginica
#> 121 1.27606556 0.32731751 1.10009740 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 122 -0.29385737 -0.59039513 0.64691619 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 123 2.24217198 -0.59039513 1.66657392 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 124 0.55148575 -0.81982329 0.64691619 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 125 1.03453895 0.55674567 1.10009740 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 126 1.63835547 0.32731751 1.27004036 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 127 0.43072244 -0.59039513 0.59026853 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 128 0.30995914 -0.13153881 0.64691619 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 129 0.67224905 -0.59039513 1.04344975 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 130 1.63835547 -0.13153881 1.15674505 0.5256453243 virginica
#> 131 1.87988207 -0.59039513 1.32668801 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 132 2.48369858 1.70388647 1.49663097 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 133 0.67224905 -0.59039513 1.04344975 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 134 0.55148575 -0.59039513 0.76021149 0.3944526477 virginica
#> 135 0.30995914 -1.04925145 1.04344975 0.2632599711 virginica
#> 136 2.24217198 -0.13153881 1.32668801 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 137 0.55148575 0.78617383 1.04344975 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 138 0.67224905 0.09788935 0.98680210 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 139 0.18919584 -0.13153881 0.59026853 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 140 1.27606556 0.09788935 0.93015445 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 141 1.03453895 0.09788935 1.04344975 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 142 1.27606556 0.09788935 0.76021149 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 143 -0.05233076 -0.81982329 0.76021149 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 144 1.15530226 0.32731751 1.21339271 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 145 1.03453895 0.55674567 1.10009740 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 146 1.03453895 -0.13153881 0.81685914 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 147 0.55148575 -1.27867961 0.70356384 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 148 0.79301235 -0.13153881 0.81685914 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 149 0.43072244 0.78617383 0.93015445 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 150 0.06843254 -0.13153881 0.76021149 0.7880306775 virginica
escalar_datos(iris, )
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> 1 -0.89767388 1.01560199 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 2 -1.13920048 -0.13153881 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 3 -1.38072709 0.32731751 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 4 -1.50149039 0.09788935 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 5 -1.01843718 1.24503015 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 6 -0.53538397 1.93331463 -1.16580868 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 7 -1.50149039 0.78617383 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 8 -1.01843718 0.78617383 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 9 -1.74301699 -0.36096697 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 10 -1.13920048 0.09788935 -1.27910398 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 11 -0.53538397 1.47445831 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 12 -1.25996379 0.78617383 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 13 -1.25996379 -0.13153881 -1.33575163 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 14 -1.86378030 -0.13153881 -1.50569459 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 15 -0.05233076 2.16274279 -1.44904694 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 16 -0.17309407 3.08045544 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 17 -0.53538397 1.93331463 -1.39239929 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 18 -0.89767388 1.01560199 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 19 -0.17309407 1.70388647 -1.16580868 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 20 -0.89767388 1.70388647 -1.27910398 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 21 -0.53538397 0.78617383 -1.16580868 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 22 -0.89767388 1.47445831 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 23 -1.50149039 1.24503015 -1.56234224 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 24 -0.89767388 0.55674567 -1.16580868 -0.9174741184 setosa
#> 25 -1.25996379 0.78617383 -1.05251337 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 26 -1.01843718 -0.13153881 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 27 -1.01843718 0.78617383 -1.22245633 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 28 -0.77691058 1.01560199 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 29 -0.77691058 0.78617383 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 30 -1.38072709 0.32731751 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 31 -1.25996379 0.09788935 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 32 -0.53538397 0.78617383 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 33 -0.77691058 2.39217095 -1.27910398 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 34 -0.41462067 2.62159911 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 35 -1.13920048 0.09788935 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 36 -1.01843718 0.32731751 -1.44904694 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 37 -0.41462067 1.01560199 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 38 -1.13920048 1.24503015 -1.33575163 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 39 -1.74301699 -0.13153881 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 40 -0.89767388 0.78617383 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 41 -1.01843718 1.01560199 -1.39239929 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 42 -1.62225369 -1.73753594 -1.39239929 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 43 -1.74301699 0.32731751 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 44 -1.01843718 1.01560199 -1.22245633 -0.7862814418 setosa
#> 45 -0.89767388 1.70388647 -1.05251337 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 46 -1.25996379 -0.13153881 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 47 -0.89767388 1.70388647 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 48 -1.50149039 0.32731751 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 49 -0.65614727 1.47445831 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 50 -1.01843718 0.55674567 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 51 1.39682886 0.32731751 0.53362088 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 52 0.67224905 0.32731751 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 53 1.27606556 0.09788935 0.64691619 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 54 -0.41462067 -1.73753594 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 55 0.79301235 -0.59039513 0.47697323 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 56 -0.17309407 -0.59039513 0.42032558 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 57 0.55148575 0.55674567 0.53362088 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 58 -1.13920048 -1.50810778 -0.25944625 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 59 0.91377565 -0.36096697 0.47697323 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 60 -0.77691058 -0.81982329 0.08043967 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 61 -1.01843718 -2.42582042 -0.14615094 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 62 0.06843254 -0.13153881 0.25038262 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 63 0.18919584 -1.96696410 0.13708732 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 64 0.30995914 -0.36096697 0.53362088 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 65 -0.29385737 -0.36096697 -0.08950329 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 66 1.03453895 0.09788935 0.36367793 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 67 -0.29385737 -0.13153881 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 68 -0.05233076 -0.81982329 0.19373497 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 69 0.43072244 -1.96696410 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 70 -0.29385737 -1.27867961 0.08043967 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 71 0.06843254 0.32731751 0.59026853 0.7880306775 versicolor
#> 72 0.30995914 -0.59039513 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 73 0.55148575 -1.27867961 0.64691619 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 74 0.30995914 -0.59039513 0.53362088 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 75 0.67224905 -0.36096697 0.30703027 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 76 0.91377565 -0.13153881 0.36367793 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 77 1.15530226 -0.59039513 0.59026853 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 78 1.03453895 -0.13153881 0.70356384 0.6568380009 versicolor
#> 79 0.18919584 -0.36096697 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 80 -0.17309407 -1.04925145 -0.14615094 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 81 -0.41462067 -1.50810778 0.02379201 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 82 -0.41462067 -1.50810778 -0.03285564 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 83 -0.05233076 -0.81982329 0.08043967 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 84 0.18919584 -0.81982329 0.76021149 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 85 -0.53538397 -0.13153881 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 86 0.18919584 0.78617383 0.42032558 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 87 1.03453895 0.09788935 0.53362088 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 88 0.55148575 -1.73753594 0.36367793 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 89 -0.29385737 -0.13153881 0.19373497 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 90 -0.41462067 -1.27867961 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 91 -0.41462067 -1.04925145 0.36367793 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 92 0.30995914 -0.13153881 0.47697323 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 93 -0.05233076 -1.04925145 0.13708732 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 94 -1.01843718 -1.73753594 -0.25944625 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 95 -0.29385737 -0.81982329 0.25038262 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 96 -0.17309407 -0.13153881 0.25038262 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 97 -0.17309407 -0.36096697 0.25038262 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 98 0.43072244 -0.36096697 0.30703027 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 99 -0.89767388 -1.27867961 -0.42938920 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 100 -0.17309407 -0.59039513 0.19373497 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 101 0.55148575 0.55674567 1.27004036 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 102 -0.05233076 -0.81982329 0.76021149 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 103 1.51759216 -0.13153881 1.21339271 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 104 0.55148575 -0.36096697 1.04344975 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 105 0.79301235 -0.13153881 1.15674505 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 106 2.12140867 -0.13153881 1.60992627 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 107 -1.13920048 -1.27867961 0.42032558 0.6568380009 virginica
#> 108 1.75911877 -0.36096697 1.43998331 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 109 1.03453895 -1.27867961 1.15674505 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 110 1.63835547 1.24503015 1.32668801 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 111 0.79301235 0.32731751 0.76021149 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 112 0.67224905 -0.81982329 0.87350679 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 113 1.15530226 -0.13153881 0.98680210 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 114 -0.17309407 -1.27867961 0.70356384 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 115 -0.05233076 -0.59039513 0.76021149 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 116 0.67224905 0.32731751 0.87350679 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 117 0.79301235 -0.13153881 0.98680210 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 118 2.24217198 1.70388647 1.66657392 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 119 2.24217198 -1.04925145 1.77986923 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 120 0.18919584 -1.96696410 0.70356384 0.3944526477 virginica
#> 121 1.27606556 0.32731751 1.10009740 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 122 -0.29385737 -0.59039513 0.64691619 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 123 2.24217198 -0.59039513 1.66657392 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 124 0.55148575 -0.81982329 0.64691619 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 125 1.03453895 0.55674567 1.10009740 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 126 1.63835547 0.32731751 1.27004036 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 127 0.43072244 -0.59039513 0.59026853 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 128 0.30995914 -0.13153881 0.64691619 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 129 0.67224905 -0.59039513 1.04344975 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 130 1.63835547 -0.13153881 1.15674505 0.5256453243 virginica
#> 131 1.87988207 -0.59039513 1.32668801 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 132 2.48369858 1.70388647 1.49663097 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 133 0.67224905 -0.59039513 1.04344975 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 134 0.55148575 -0.59039513 0.76021149 0.3944526477 virginica
#> 135 0.30995914 -1.04925145 1.04344975 0.2632599711 virginica
#> 136 2.24217198 -0.13153881 1.32668801 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 137 0.55148575 0.78617383 1.04344975 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 138 0.67224905 0.09788935 0.98680210 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 139 0.18919584 -0.13153881 0.59026853 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 140 1.27606556 0.09788935 0.93015445 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 141 1.03453895 0.09788935 1.04344975 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 142 1.27606556 0.09788935 0.76021149 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 143 -0.05233076 -0.81982329 0.76021149 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 144 1.15530226 0.32731751 1.21339271 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 145 1.03453895 0.55674567 1.10009740 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 146 1.03453895 -0.13153881 0.81685914 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 147 0.55148575 -1.27867961 0.70356384 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 148 0.79301235 -0.13153881 0.81685914 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 149 0.43072244 0.78617383 0.93015445 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 150 0.06843254 -0.13153881 0.76021149 0.7880306775 virginica
#También se puede especificar que variables especificamente se van a escalar
escalar_datos(iris, variables = c("Petal.Width","Petal.Length"))
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> 1 5.1 3.5 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 2 4.9 3.0 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 3 4.7 3.2 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 4 4.6 3.1 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 5 5.0 3.6 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 6 5.4 3.9 -1.16580868 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 7 4.6 3.4 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 8 5.0 3.4 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 9 4.4 2.9 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 10 4.9 3.1 -1.27910398 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 11 5.4 3.7 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 12 4.8 3.4 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 13 4.8 3.0 -1.33575163 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 14 4.3 3.0 -1.50569459 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 15 5.8 4.0 -1.44904694 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 16 5.7 4.4 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 17 5.4 3.9 -1.39239929 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 18 5.1 3.5 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 19 5.7 3.8 -1.16580868 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 20 5.1 3.8 -1.27910398 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 21 5.4 3.4 -1.16580868 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 22 5.1 3.7 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 23 4.6 3.6 -1.56234224 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 24 5.1 3.3 -1.16580868 -0.9174741184 setosa
#> 25 4.8 3.4 -1.05251337 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 26 5.0 3.0 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 27 5.0 3.4 -1.22245633 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 28 5.2 3.5 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 29 5.2 3.4 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 30 4.7 3.2 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 31 4.8 3.1 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 32 5.4 3.4 -1.27910398 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 33 5.2 4.1 -1.27910398 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 34 5.5 4.2 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 35 4.9 3.1 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 36 5.0 3.2 -1.44904694 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 37 5.5 3.5 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 38 4.9 3.6 -1.33575163 -1.4422448248 setosa
#> 39 4.4 3.0 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 40 5.1 3.4 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 41 5.0 3.5 -1.39239929 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 42 4.5 2.3 -1.39239929 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 43 4.4 3.2 -1.39239929 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 44 5.0 3.5 -1.22245633 -0.7862814418 setosa
#> 45 5.1 3.8 -1.05251337 -1.0486667950 setosa
#> 46 4.8 3.0 -1.33575163 -1.1798594716 setosa
#> 47 5.1 3.8 -1.22245633 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 48 4.6 3.2 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 49 5.3 3.7 -1.27910398 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 50 5.0 3.3 -1.33575163 -1.3110521482 setosa
#> 51 7.0 3.2 0.53362088 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 52 6.4 3.2 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 53 6.9 3.1 0.64691619 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 54 5.5 2.3 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 55 6.5 2.8 0.47697323 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 56 5.7 2.8 0.42032558 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 57 6.3 3.3 0.53362088 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 58 4.9 2.4 -0.25944625 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 59 6.6 2.9 0.47697323 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 60 5.2 2.7 0.08043967 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 61 5.0 2.0 -0.14615094 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 62 5.9 3.0 0.25038262 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 63 6.0 2.2 0.13708732 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 64 6.1 2.9 0.53362088 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 65 5.6 2.9 -0.08950329 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 66 6.7 3.1 0.36367793 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 67 5.6 3.0 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 68 5.8 2.7 0.19373497 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 69 6.2 2.2 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 70 5.6 2.5 0.08043967 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 71 5.9 3.2 0.59026853 0.7880306775 versicolor
#> 72 6.1 2.8 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 73 6.3 2.5 0.64691619 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 74 6.1 2.8 0.53362088 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 75 6.4 2.9 0.30703027 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 76 6.6 3.0 0.36367793 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 77 6.8 2.8 0.59026853 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 78 6.7 3.0 0.70356384 0.6568380009 versicolor
#> 79 6.0 2.9 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 80 5.7 2.6 -0.14615094 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 81 5.5 2.4 0.02379201 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 82 5.5 2.4 -0.03285564 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 83 5.8 2.7 0.08043967 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 84 6.0 2.7 0.76021149 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 85 5.4 3.0 0.42032558 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 86 6.0 3.4 0.42032558 0.5256453243 versicolor
#> 87 6.7 3.1 0.53362088 0.3944526477 versicolor
#> 88 6.3 2.3 0.36367793 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 89 5.6 3.0 0.19373497 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 90 5.5 2.5 0.13708732 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 91 5.5 2.6 0.36367793 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 92 6.1 3.0 0.47697323 0.2632599711 versicolor
#> 93 5.8 2.6 0.13708732 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 94 5.0 2.3 -0.25944625 -0.2615107354 versicolor
#> 95 5.6 2.7 0.25038262 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 96 5.7 3.0 0.25038262 0.0008746178 versicolor
#> 97 5.7 2.9 0.25038262 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 98 6.2 2.9 0.30703027 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 99 5.1 2.5 -0.42938920 -0.1303180588 versicolor
#> 100 5.7 2.8 0.19373497 0.1320672944 versicolor
#> 101 6.3 3.3 1.27004036 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 102 5.8 2.7 0.76021149 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 103 7.1 3.0 1.21339271 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 104 6.3 2.9 1.04344975 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 105 6.5 3.0 1.15674505 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 106 7.6 3.0 1.60992627 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 107 4.9 2.5 0.42032558 0.6568380009 virginica
#> 108 7.3 2.9 1.43998331 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 109 6.7 2.5 1.15674505 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 110 7.2 3.6 1.32668801 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 111 6.5 3.2 0.76021149 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 112 6.4 2.7 0.87350679 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 113 6.8 3.0 0.98680210 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 114 5.7 2.5 0.70356384 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 115 5.8 2.8 0.76021149 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 116 6.4 3.2 0.87350679 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 117 6.5 3.0 0.98680210 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 118 7.7 3.8 1.66657392 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 119 7.7 2.6 1.77986923 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 120 6.0 2.2 0.70356384 0.3944526477 virginica
#> 121 6.9 3.2 1.10009740 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 122 5.6 2.8 0.64691619 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 123 7.7 2.8 1.66657392 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 124 6.3 2.7 0.64691619 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 125 6.7 3.3 1.10009740 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 126 7.2 3.2 1.27004036 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 127 6.2 2.8 0.59026853 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 128 6.1 3.0 0.64691619 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 129 6.4 2.8 1.04344975 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 130 7.2 3.0 1.15674505 0.5256453243 virginica
#> 131 7.4 2.8 1.32668801 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 132 7.9 3.8 1.49663097 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 133 6.4 2.8 1.04344975 1.3128013839 virginica
#> 134 6.3 2.8 0.76021149 0.3944526477 virginica
#> 135 6.1 2.6 1.04344975 0.2632599711 virginica
#> 136 7.7 3.0 1.32668801 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 137 6.3 3.4 1.04344975 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 138 6.4 3.1 0.98680210 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 139 6.0 3.0 0.59026853 0.7880306775 virginica
#> 140 6.9 3.1 0.93015445 1.1816087073 virginica
#> 141 6.7 3.1 1.04344975 1.5751867371 virginica
#> 142 6.9 3.1 0.76021149 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 143 5.8 2.7 0.76021149 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 144 6.8 3.2 1.21339271 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 145 6.7 3.3 1.10009740 1.7063794137 virginica
#> 146 6.7 3.0 0.81685914 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 147 6.3 2.5 0.70356384 0.9192233541 virginica
#> 148 6.5 3.0 0.81685914 1.0504160307 virginica
#> 149 6.2 3.4 0.93015445 1.4439940605 virginica
#> 150 5.9 3.0 0.76021149 0.7880306775 virginica
escalar_datos(iris, variables = c(1,3))
#> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
#> 1 -0.89767388 3.5 -1.33575163 0.2 setosa
#> 2 -1.13920048 3.0 -1.33575163 0.2 setosa
#> 3 -1.38072709 3.2 -1.39239929 0.2 setosa
#> 4 -1.50149039 3.1 -1.27910398 0.2 setosa
#> 5 -1.01843718 3.6 -1.33575163 0.2 setosa
#> 6 -0.53538397 3.9 -1.16580868 0.4 setosa
#> 7 -1.50149039 3.4 -1.33575163 0.3 setosa
#> 8 -1.01843718 3.4 -1.27910398 0.2 setosa
#> 9 -1.74301699 2.9 -1.33575163 0.2 setosa
#> 10 -1.13920048 3.1 -1.27910398 0.1 setosa
#> 11 -0.53538397 3.7 -1.27910398 0.2 setosa
#> 12 -1.25996379 3.4 -1.22245633 0.2 setosa
#> 13 -1.25996379 3.0 -1.33575163 0.1 setosa
#> 14 -1.86378030 3.0 -1.50569459 0.1 setosa
#> 15 -0.05233076 4.0 -1.44904694 0.2 setosa
#> 16 -0.17309407 4.4 -1.27910398 0.4 setosa
#> 17 -0.53538397 3.9 -1.39239929 0.4 setosa
#> 18 -0.89767388 3.5 -1.33575163 0.3 setosa
#> 19 -0.17309407 3.8 -1.16580868 0.3 setosa
#> 20 -0.89767388 3.8 -1.27910398 0.3 setosa
#> 21 -0.53538397 3.4 -1.16580868 0.2 setosa
#> 22 -0.89767388 3.7 -1.27910398 0.4 setosa
#> 23 -1.50149039 3.6 -1.56234224 0.2 setosa
#> 24 -0.89767388 3.3 -1.16580868 0.5 setosa
#> 25 -1.25996379 3.4 -1.05251337 0.2 setosa
#> 26 -1.01843718 3.0 -1.22245633 0.2 setosa
#> 27 -1.01843718 3.4 -1.22245633 0.4 setosa
#> 28 -0.77691058 3.5 -1.27910398 0.2 setosa
#> 29 -0.77691058 3.4 -1.33575163 0.2 setosa
#> 30 -1.38072709 3.2 -1.22245633 0.2 setosa
#> 31 -1.25996379 3.1 -1.22245633 0.2 setosa
#> 32 -0.53538397 3.4 -1.27910398 0.4 setosa
#> 33 -0.77691058 4.1 -1.27910398 0.1 setosa
#> 34 -0.41462067 4.2 -1.33575163 0.2 setosa
#> 35 -1.13920048 3.1 -1.27910398 0.2 setosa
#> 36 -1.01843718 3.2 -1.44904694 0.2 setosa
#> 37 -0.41462067 3.5 -1.39239929 0.2 setosa
#> 38 -1.13920048 3.6 -1.33575163 0.1 setosa
#> 39 -1.74301699 3.0 -1.39239929 0.2 setosa
#> 40 -0.89767388 3.4 -1.27910398 0.2 setosa
#> 41 -1.01843718 3.5 -1.39239929 0.3 setosa
#> 42 -1.62225369 2.3 -1.39239929 0.3 setosa
#> 43 -1.74301699 3.2 -1.39239929 0.2 setosa
#> 44 -1.01843718 3.5 -1.22245633 0.6 setosa
#> 45 -0.89767388 3.8 -1.05251337 0.4 setosa
#> 46 -1.25996379 3.0 -1.33575163 0.3 setosa
#> 47 -0.89767388 3.8 -1.22245633 0.2 setosa
#> 48 -1.50149039 3.2 -1.33575163 0.2 setosa
#> 49 -0.65614727 3.7 -1.27910398 0.2 setosa
#> 50 -1.01843718 3.3 -1.33575163 0.2 setosa
#> 51 1.39682886 3.2 0.53362088 1.4 versicolor
#> 52 0.67224905 3.2 0.42032558 1.5 versicolor
#> 53 1.27606556 3.1 0.64691619 1.5 versicolor
#> 54 -0.41462067 2.3 0.13708732 1.3 versicolor
#> 55 0.79301235 2.8 0.47697323 1.5 versicolor
#> 56 -0.17309407 2.8 0.42032558 1.3 versicolor
#> 57 0.55148575 3.3 0.53362088 1.6 versicolor
#> 58 -1.13920048 2.4 -0.25944625 1.0 versicolor
#> 59 0.91377565 2.9 0.47697323 1.3 versicolor
#> 60 -0.77691058 2.7 0.08043967 1.4 versicolor
#> 61 -1.01843718 2.0 -0.14615094 1.0 versicolor
#> 62 0.06843254 3.0 0.25038262 1.5 versicolor
#> 63 0.18919584 2.2 0.13708732 1.0 versicolor
#> 64 0.30995914 2.9 0.53362088 1.4 versicolor
#> 65 -0.29385737 2.9 -0.08950329 1.3 versicolor
#> 66 1.03453895 3.1 0.36367793 1.4 versicolor
#> 67 -0.29385737 3.0 0.42032558 1.5 versicolor
#> 68 -0.05233076 2.7 0.19373497 1.0 versicolor
#> 69 0.43072244 2.2 0.42032558 1.5 versicolor
#> 70 -0.29385737 2.5 0.08043967 1.1 versicolor
#> 71 0.06843254 3.2 0.59026853 1.8 versicolor
#> 72 0.30995914 2.8 0.13708732 1.3 versicolor
#> 73 0.55148575 2.5 0.64691619 1.5 versicolor
#> 74 0.30995914 2.8 0.53362088 1.2 versicolor
#> 75 0.67224905 2.9 0.30703027 1.3 versicolor
#> 76 0.91377565 3.0 0.36367793 1.4 versicolor
#> 77 1.15530226 2.8 0.59026853 1.4 versicolor
#> 78 1.03453895 3.0 0.70356384 1.7 versicolor
#> 79 0.18919584 2.9 0.42032558 1.5 versicolor
#> 80 -0.17309407 2.6 -0.14615094 1.0 versicolor
#> 81 -0.41462067 2.4 0.02379201 1.1 versicolor
#> 82 -0.41462067 2.4 -0.03285564 1.0 versicolor
#> 83 -0.05233076 2.7 0.08043967 1.2 versicolor
#> 84 0.18919584 2.7 0.76021149 1.6 versicolor
#> 85 -0.53538397 3.0 0.42032558 1.5 versicolor
#> 86 0.18919584 3.4 0.42032558 1.6 versicolor
#> 87 1.03453895 3.1 0.53362088 1.5 versicolor
#> 88 0.55148575 2.3 0.36367793 1.3 versicolor
#> 89 -0.29385737 3.0 0.19373497 1.3 versicolor
#> 90 -0.41462067 2.5 0.13708732 1.3 versicolor
#> 91 -0.41462067 2.6 0.36367793 1.2 versicolor
#> 92 0.30995914 3.0 0.47697323 1.4 versicolor
#> 93 -0.05233076 2.6 0.13708732 1.2 versicolor
#> 94 -1.01843718 2.3 -0.25944625 1.0 versicolor
#> 95 -0.29385737 2.7 0.25038262 1.3 versicolor
#> 96 -0.17309407 3.0 0.25038262 1.2 versicolor
#> 97 -0.17309407 2.9 0.25038262 1.3 versicolor
#> 98 0.43072244 2.9 0.30703027 1.3 versicolor
#> 99 -0.89767388 2.5 -0.42938920 1.1 versicolor
#> 100 -0.17309407 2.8 0.19373497 1.3 versicolor
#> 101 0.55148575 3.3 1.27004036 2.5 virginica
#> 102 -0.05233076 2.7 0.76021149 1.9 virginica
#> 103 1.51759216 3.0 1.21339271 2.1 virginica
#> 104 0.55148575 2.9 1.04344975 1.8 virginica
#> 105 0.79301235 3.0 1.15674505 2.2 virginica
#> 106 2.12140867 3.0 1.60992627 2.1 virginica
#> 107 -1.13920048 2.5 0.42032558 1.7 virginica
#> 108 1.75911877 2.9 1.43998331 1.8 virginica
#> 109 1.03453895 2.5 1.15674505 1.8 virginica
#> 110 1.63835547 3.6 1.32668801 2.5 virginica
#> 111 0.79301235 3.2 0.76021149 2.0 virginica
#> 112 0.67224905 2.7 0.87350679 1.9 virginica
#> 113 1.15530226 3.0 0.98680210 2.1 virginica
#> 114 -0.17309407 2.5 0.70356384 2.0 virginica
#> 115 -0.05233076 2.8 0.76021149 2.4 virginica
#> 116 0.67224905 3.2 0.87350679 2.3 virginica
#> 117 0.79301235 3.0 0.98680210 1.8 virginica
#> 118 2.24217198 3.8 1.66657392 2.2 virginica
#> 119 2.24217198 2.6 1.77986923 2.3 virginica
#> 120 0.18919584 2.2 0.70356384 1.5 virginica
#> 121 1.27606556 3.2 1.10009740 2.3 virginica
#> 122 -0.29385737 2.8 0.64691619 2.0 virginica
#> 123 2.24217198 2.8 1.66657392 2.0 virginica
#> 124 0.55148575 2.7 0.64691619 1.8 virginica
#> 125 1.03453895 3.3 1.10009740 2.1 virginica
#> 126 1.63835547 3.2 1.27004036 1.8 virginica
#> 127 0.43072244 2.8 0.59026853 1.8 virginica
#> 128 0.30995914 3.0 0.64691619 1.8 virginica
#> 129 0.67224905 2.8 1.04344975 2.1 virginica
#> 130 1.63835547 3.0 1.15674505 1.6 virginica
#> 131 1.87988207 2.8 1.32668801 1.9 virginica
#> 132 2.48369858 3.8 1.49663097 2.0 virginica
#> 133 0.67224905 2.8 1.04344975 2.2 virginica
#> 134 0.55148575 2.8 0.76021149 1.5 virginica
#> 135 0.30995914 2.6 1.04344975 1.4 virginica
#> 136 2.24217198 3.0 1.32668801 2.3 virginica
#> 137 0.55148575 3.4 1.04344975 2.4 virginica
#> 138 0.67224905 3.1 0.98680210 1.8 virginica
#> 139 0.18919584 3.0 0.59026853 1.8 virginica
#> 140 1.27606556 3.1 0.93015445 2.1 virginica
#> 141 1.03453895 3.1 1.04344975 2.4 virginica
#> 142 1.27606556 3.1 0.76021149 2.3 virginica
#> 143 -0.05233076 2.7 0.76021149 1.9 virginica
#> 144 1.15530226 3.2 1.21339271 2.3 virginica
#> 145 1.03453895 3.3 1.10009740 2.5 virginica
#> 146 1.03453895 3.0 0.81685914 2.3 virginica
#> 147 0.55148575 2.5 0.70356384 1.9 virginica
#> 148 0.79301235 3.0 0.81685914 2.0 virginica
#> 149 0.43072244 3.4 0.93015445 2.3 virginica
#> 150 0.06843254 3.0 0.76021149 1.8 virginica